Refusals & appeals · ART
ART Review of a Visa Refusal
If your visa was refused, the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART) is where most refusals can be reviewed on their merits. Who can apply is printed on the decision letter — usually you, for an onshore refusal; the sponsor, for some offshore and all nomination refusals. So is the deadline: 28 days from notification for most migration decisions, shorter for some character decisions, and the ART has very limited power to extend it. The Tribunal decides afresh on the evidence before it, so what you put in front of it matters more than what went wrong the first time. Here is who applies, what it costs, what the ART can do, and what to prepare before you lodge.
By Keshab Chapagain, registered migration agent (MARN 1576536) since 2015 · WIDEN, Sydney · Reviewed August 2026
Keshab Chapagain · MARN 1576536 · Registered since 2015 - Deadline (most cases)
- 28 days
- Some character decisions
- 9 days
- Fee
- Set by the ART — check art.gov.au
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Refused? Get a refusal assessment — before your deadline.
A focused review by a registered migration agent (MARN 1576536) of your refusal decision and your options — why it failed, your realistic prospects at the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART), your deadline, and whether to appeal, re-apply, or stop. Time limits are short and rarely extended, so don't wait. The $330 inc. GST consultation fee is credited toward your engagement fee if you proceed.
What it costs. Refusal assessment $330 inc. GST, credited to your engagement if you proceed. ART review and response are a fixed fee from $4,400 inc. GST; complex matters — character (s 501), business, or multiple grounds — from $7,700 inc. GST. Your exact fixed fee is set in writing after the assessment, under a service agreement. No outcome can be guaranteed.
Refusal and review matters are time-critical, and I take a limited number of consultations each week — don't leave it to the deadline.
Time limits are statutory. Most migration ART reviews must be lodged within 28 days of notification; some character decisions are far shorter (such as 9 days). The ART has very limited power to extend time. The decision letter is authoritative on your specific deadline. No outcome can be guaranteed (s 15, Migration (Migration Agents Code of Conduct) Regulations 2021).
Who can apply
- Onshore visa refusals — for most subclasses where you were in Australia at decision, you, the applicant, hold the review rights
- Offshore visa refusals — for some subclasses the sponsor in Australia holds review rights (partner, child, parent, employer-sponsored)
- Nomination refusals — the sponsoring business applies for refused 482 / 186 / 494 nominations, not the worker (see the 482 nomination refusal guide)
- Visa cancellations — under specific procedures, including section 501 character cancellations
Whether your decision is reviewable, and by whom, is stated on the decision letter. If review rights are not stated, the decision may not be reviewable to the ART, and an alternative pathway such as judicial review or ministerial intervention may be the only remaining route.
The deadline on the letter
For most migration decisions the time limit is 28 calendar days from the day you (or the sponsor) are taken to be notified. Notification rules vary — by email, by post with deemed receipt periods, or in person — and the exact day of notification can be a critical detail: it may be earlier than the day you actually read the letter. Some decisions are shorter: onshore section 501 cancellations made by the Minister personally have historically been 9 days. Offshore reviews held by sponsors are also 28 days; the old 70-day rule ended in October 2024. Whatever your letter says, treat it as fixed — late lodgement is generally not accepted.
The fee
The ART sets its own application fee and publishes the current figure on its website. The full lodgement fee is materially higher than a typical visa application charge, and fee reductions are available in defined circumstances (such as concession holders, hardship, or specific decision types). Check the current fee on art.gov.au before lodging — and note that representation fees, where you engage an agent, sit on top of it.
What the Tribunal can do
The ART conducts merits review: it examines whether the original decision was the correct or preferable one on the facts and law, and decides afresh on the evidence before it. It has four main outcomes:
- Affirm the decision — the refusal stands
- Set aside and substitute its own decision — often granting the visa
- Remit the matter to the Department with directions to reconsider
- Vary the decision — less common in migration matters
In practice the Tribunal usually holds a hearing — in person, by video or by telephone — where you and any witnesses give evidence and answer the Tribunal’s questions. Some matters are decided on the papers if both sides consent. Timeframes run to months, and in some cases years. If the ART affirms the refusal, what remains is judicial review on jurisdictional-error grounds only, or a discretionary ministerial intervention request — see the ART process overview.
What to prepare
- The decision letter and decision record — the criteria the case officer found were not met set the agenda for everything else.
- Your notification date — worked out from how and when the letter was sent, not when you read it.
- The Department’s case file — the documents it relied on; the ART obtains this after lodgement, and your submissions answer it point by point.
- New evidence — the Tribunal decides afresh, so strengthened material on the failed criteria (updated references, test results, position evidence, relationship evidence — whatever the refusal turned on) is the core of the case.
- Written submissions — addressing each of the Department’s reasons against the applicable law and any policy the Tribunal must apply.
- Witnesses — who will give evidence at hearing, and what they can actually say.
Why a registered agent should review it before you lodge
Lodging is easy; lodging the right thing is not. Three questions deserve a professional answer before the fee is paid: whether the ART is the better path at all (a fresh application is sometimes faster — subject to the section 48 bar onshore); whether the refusal turned on a curable evidence gap or on a substantive point of law; and whether the case has realistic prospects, honestly assessed. A refusal consultation with Keshab Chapagain (MARN 1576536) covers exactly that — why the application failed, your review rights and exact deadline confirmed against the letter, and the recommended path with the evidence it would need. Refusal matters run as an extended session — $550 inc. GST, credited toward your engagement fee if you proceed. No outcome can be guaranteed; what an assessment gives you is an informed decision made in time.
Send WIDEN a confidential enquiry
Tell us briefly what was refused and when you were notified. If your deadline is close, say so — we’ll prioritise it.
Related
- ART review — the process overview (AAT to ART, hearing, after ART)
- Visa refused — start here
- 482 visa refused (applicant side)
- 482 nomination refusal (sponsor side)
- Bridging visas and refusals
General information only. Refusal, cancellation, and review processes are governed by the Migration Act 1958 and associated regulations; specific procedures and time limits depend on the visa subclass and the decision involved. Verify your individual deadlines and pathway on the original decision notice and on the Department of Home Affairs and Administrative Review Tribunal (ART) websites.
This page does not constitute migration advice (s 23, Migration (Migration Agents Code of Conduct) Regulations 2021). Outcomes in refusal and review matters cannot be guaranteed by any registered migration agent (s 15). Each case turns on its specific facts and evidence. Migration advice is provided by Keshab Chapagain (MARN 1576536) only after a paid initial consultation under section 43 of the Code, with a written service agreement issued before further work commences (section 42). The OMARA Consumer Guide is provided to all clients before the consultation begins. PI insurance held under the Migration Agents Regulations 2026. Complaints via our Complaints Policy or directly to OMARA.
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Who can apply to the ART after a visa refusal?
For most onshore visa refusals — where the applicant was in Australia at decision — the applicant holds the review rights. For some offshore refusals the sponsor in Australia holds them (partner, child, parent, employer-sponsored). For nomination refusals, the sponsoring business applies. The decision letter states whether the decision is reviewable and by whom; if review rights are not stated, the decision may not be reviewable to the ART.
What is the deadline to apply for ART review?
For most migration decisions, 28 calendar days from the day you (or the sponsor) are taken to be notified of the decision. Character decisions are 9 days, and the limit is 14 days if you are in immigration detention when notified. Offshore reviews held by sponsors are 28 days too; the old 70-day rule ended when the ART began. The decision letter is authoritative on your specific deadline, and the ART has very limited power to extend time.
How much does an ART review cost?
The ART sets its own application fee and publishes the current figure on its website; the full lodgement fee is materially higher than a typical visa application charge, and fee reductions are available in defined circumstances such as hardship. Check the current fee on art.gov.au before lodging. Representation fees, where you engage an agent, are separate.
What can the ART actually do with a refusal?
The Tribunal reviews the decision on its merits — it decides afresh on the evidence before it, which is why new evidence is the whole point. It can affirm the refusal, set it aside and substitute its own decision (often granting the visa), remit the matter to the Department with directions to reconsider, or, less commonly, vary the decision.
Can WIDEN guarantee the ART will overturn my refusal?
No. No registered migration agent can guarantee any review outcome (s 15, Migration (Migration Agents Code of Conduct) Regulations 2021). The ART is an independent tribunal that decides each case on its merits, on the evidence and the law put before it. What WIDEN does is identify the strongest available grounds, prepare the evidence and submissions, and represent the case competently at hearing.
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